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Academic Writing Tips

How to Write an Argumentative Essay

Take a clear position, defend it with evidence and answer the other side.

7 min read · Written by UK academic writers

Quick Answer

An argumentative essay takes a clear position on a debatable issue and defends it with evidence and reasoning, while fairly addressing and rebutting opposing views. Its strength comes from the quality of evidence and how well it answers counter-arguments.

An argumentative essay is essentially a written debate where you make the case for one side. The best ones do not ignore the opposition — they take it seriously and explain why their position is still stronger. Here is how to build one.

Choose a Defensible Position

Pick a position you can support with evidence, on a question that genuinely has more than one side. If everyone already agrees, there is no argument to make.

State Your Claim Clearly

Your thesis should state your position plainly in the introduction. The reader should never be unsure where you stand.

Support With Strong Evidence

Each body paragraph should advance your case with credited evidence and analysis. The strength of your essay depends on how good and how well-explained that evidence is.

Address Counter-Arguments

Acknowledge the strongest opposing points and explain why your position still holds. Engaging fairly with the other side makes your argument more, not less, convincing.

  • State the counter-argument accurately
  • Concede any genuine merit
  • Explain why your position remains stronger
  • Use evidence, not just assertion, to rebut

Conclude With Conviction

End by restating your position in light of the evidence and counter-arguments, and explain why it matters. Avoid sitting on the fence at the last moment.

Key Takeaways
  • Choose a genuinely debatable position
  • State your claim clearly in the introduction
  • Back every point with credited evidence
  • Address and rebut the strongest counter-arguments
  • Conclude with a clear, confident judgement

Frequently Asked Questions

What is an argumentative essay?

An essay that takes a position on a debatable issue and defends it with evidence while addressing opposing views.

Do I have to include counter-arguments?

Yes. Engaging fairly with opposing views and rebutting them is what makes an argumentative essay strong.

How is it different from a persuasive essay?

They overlap, but argumentative essays rely more on evidence and reasoning, while persuasive essays may also use rhetorical appeal.

Can I argue a position I personally disagree with?

Yes. The skill is constructing the strongest evidence-based case, regardless of personal opinion.

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