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Home » Blog » How to Write a Literature Review | EasyMarks

Academic Writing Tips

How to Write a Literature Review

Synthesise and critique the research in your field to reveal your gap.

9 min read · Written by UK academic writers

Quick Answer

A literature review surveys and critically evaluates the existing research on your topic to show what is known, where the gaps are, and how your work fits. It synthesises sources by theme rather than summarising them one by one, and builds towards your research gap.

The literature review is where many dissertations lose or gain marks, because it tests whether you can synthesise and critique rather than just describe. This guide shows you how to write one that builds a clear case for your research.

Search and Select Sources

Search systematically using your library databases and clear keywords, then select the most relevant and credible sources. Prioritise peer-reviewed, recent and seminal work over convenience.

Synthesise, Do Not Summarise

A weak review lists studies one after another. A strong review groups sources around themes, debates and findings, showing how they relate, agree and disagree.

  • Group sources by theme, not by author
  • Compare findings and methods across studies
  • Highlight agreements, tensions and debates
  • Build towards the gap your work addresses

Be Critical

Evaluate the quality and limitations of the research, not just its conclusions. Note where methods are weak, evidence is thin or findings are contested. Critical engagement is what earns higher marks.

Organise With a Clear Structure

Most reviews are organised thematically, sometimes chronologically or methodologically. Use clear sections and signposting so the reader can follow the development of the field.

Identify the Gap

End by drawing your synthesis together to show the gap, question or problem your dissertation addresses. This connects the review directly to your research and justifies your study.

Key Takeaways
  • Search systematically and select credible sources
  • Synthesise sources by theme, not author by author
  • Critically evaluate methods and limitations
  • Organise with clear structure and signposting
  • Conclude by identifying your research gap

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the purpose of a literature review?

To show what is already known, evaluate it critically, and reveal the gap your research will address.

How is a literature review different from an essay?

A literature review surveys and synthesises existing research, while an essay argues a position; both require critical analysis.

How many sources should a literature review include?

It depends on the level and topic, but quality and relevance matter more than a fixed number.

How do I avoid just summarising sources?

Group sources by theme, compare them, and discuss agreements and tensions rather than describing each one in turn.

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