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Two very different ways to review the literature, and when to use each.
7 min read · Written by UK academic writers
A systematic literature review follows a strict, transparent protocol to find and appraise all relevant studies on a specific question, while a narrative review surveys the literature more flexibly to give a broad overview. Systematic reviews are more rigorous; narrative reviews are broader and more interpretive.
Not all literature reviews are the same, and choosing the right type matters for your dissertation. This guide explains the two main kinds and how to decide between them.
A narrative review surveys and synthesises the literature on a topic in a flexible way, giving a broad overview and building an argument. Most undergraduate and many master's dissertations use this type.
A systematic review answers a focused question by following a strict, transparent protocol to search, select and appraise all relevant studies, minimising bias. It is common in health sciences and evidence-based fields.
Systematic reviews are rigorous and reproducible but time-consuming and narrow. Narrative reviews are broad and flexible but more prone to selection bias.
Choose a systematic review when you have a focused question and need rigour, and a narrative review when you need a broad overview to frame your study. Your discipline and time will guide you.
Some courses specify the type of review expected. Confirm with your supervisor, as a systematic review is a major undertaking that needs planning from the start.
A systematic review follows a strict protocol to answer a focused question; a narrative review surveys the literature more flexibly and broadly.
It depends on your question, discipline and time; many dissertations use a narrative review, while health fields often require systematic ones.
Generally yes. It is more rigorous and time-consuming and needs careful planning from the outset.
It is demanding for a solo student, so plan carefully and confirm feasibility with your supervisor.
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